Golden Rules

1. Place the User in Control

Define interaction modes in a way that does not force a user into unnecessary or undesired actions. Interaction mode means the current state in which the user is working, and being in such a mode, the user is supposed to do the related tasks only. If the user has to perform unnecessary actions at such time, the GUI becomes frustrating.

Provide flexible interaction. The user interaction should be flexible. For example, MS PowerPoint should show slide transitions using mouse clicks and keyboard.

Allow user interaction to be interruptible and undoable. This feature allows the user to correct themselves whenever necessary without any interruptions.

Streamline interaction as skill levels advance and allow the interaction to be customized. It is observed that while handling a user interface, certain actions need to be done repeatedly. It saves time if these actions are collected in memory.

Hide technical internals from the casual user. This feature is essential for casual users. Users should not be aware of system commands, operating system functions, etc.

Design for direct interaction with objects that appear on the screen. This means that users should be in a position to adjust the objects appearing on the screen.

2. Reduce the User's Memory Load

Reduce demand on short-term memory. The user interface should be designed in a way that the user does not need to remember past actions and tasks.

Establish meaningful defaults. Meaningful default options should be available to the user.

Define shortcuts that are intuitive. For easy handling of the system, shortcuts are required in the user interface.

The visual layout of the interface should be based on a real-world metaphor. When a certain function of the system needs to be highlighted, the use of a proper visual layout helps users handle the system with ease.

Disclose information in a progressive fashion. There should not be bombarding of information on the user. It should be presented to the user systematically.

3. Make the Interface Consistent

Allow the user to put the current task into a meaningful context. Create the user interface in such a way that the user can understand their current task and how to proceed to the next task.

Maintain consistency across a family of applications. If an application comes in a packaged manner, every product of the application family should possess a consistent user interface.

If past interactive models have created user expectations, do not make changes unless there is a compelling reason to do so. If a certain sequence of operations becomes a standard for the user, do not change these standards because the user becomes habituated with such practices.